Breast pain

Breast pain is a common and concerning symptom in women.  Breast pain can either be cyclical and associated with hormonal changes or noncyclical and constant.  Cylical breast pain associated with hormonal changes tends to be bilaterally (both breasts) and tends to feel heavy, achy, and full.  Noncyclical breast pain tends to be one sided and can be more sharp or stinging.  Causes of noncyclical, one sided breast pain can be a cyst, infection, trauma, pain in the underlying ribs, or nerve disease.  In women being evaluated for breast pain, cancer is the cause in only 1-6% of the patients. 
If a women has breast pain that is cyclical or noncylical, clinical evaluation by her physician is recommended.  The physician will determine if the pain is associated with hormonal changes.  The physician will determine if the pain is one sided or not, is associated with a specific mass, and if there is any associated causes of the pain.  After determing the answers to these question, the physician will perform a careful exam to evaluate for any nodule or cyst in the breast that could be the cause of breast pain. 
If a woman has a normal breast exam and pain that is cyclical in nature, a physician can reassure the patient that the pain is most likely hormonal in nature.  However, if the pain persists for longer than 3-6 months or if the patient notices any masses, it is important to follow up with one's physician for an additional examination.
If a woman has noncyclical breast pain, an examination by one's physician and an imaging study is recommended.  If a woman is under the age of 35, an ultrasound may be the best choice because the density of women's breasts under the age of  35 which make mammograms less useful.  If she is over 35, a mammogram would be recommend.  If there are any abnormalities found on the imaging studies, biopsy is recommend either by a breast surgeon or radiologist. 
If the imaging studies or breast biopsies turn out normal, treatment for breast pain include wearing a well supported and fitted bra, and pain reliever medication such as ibuprofen or acetominophen.  Some studies suggest that caffeine avoidance and use of vitamin E or evening primrose oil is helpful.  Other studies suggest these things do not help.
It is important to discuss any breast pain or concerns with your physician.
Please look at the following link for more info:
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/patient-information-common-breast-problems?source=see_link